Bokashi is a popular method of fermenting organic waste, particularly food scraps, to create a nutrient-rich fertilizer for plants. While it’s a relatively simple process, there are some common mistakes that can lead to unpleasant odors, pests, and reduced effectiveness. In this article, we’ll explore what not to do when it comes to bokashi, so you can avoid these pitfalls and get the most out of this sustainable practice.
Understanding the Basics of Bokashi
Before we dive into what not to do, let’s quickly review the basics of bokashi. Bokashi is a Japanese term that means “fermented organic matter.” The process involves adding a mixture of microorganisms, typically in the form of a bokashi bran or powder, to a container filled with organic waste. The microorganisms break down the waste, creating a fermented liquid fertilizer that’s rich in nutrients and beneficial microbes.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Now that we’ve covered the basics, let’s explore some common mistakes to avoid when it comes to bokashi.
Not Using the Right Microorganisms
One of the most critical components of bokashi is the microorganisms. Using the wrong type or quality of microorganisms can lead to poor fermentation, unpleasant odors, and reduced effectiveness. Make sure to use a high-quality bokashi bran or powder that contains a diverse range of microorganisms, including lactic acid bacteria, yeast, and photosynthetic bacteria.
Not Maintaining the Right pH Level
Bokashi microorganisms thrive in a slightly acidic to neutral environment, with a pH level between 6.0 and 7.0. If the pH level is too high or too low, it can inhibit the growth of the microorganisms, leading to poor fermentation. To maintain the right pH level, make sure to add the correct amount of bokashi bran or powder, and avoid adding too much acidic or alkaline materials.
Not Providing Enough Oxygen
Bokashi microorganisms need oxygen to thrive. If the container is too airtight or there’s not enough oxygen, it can lead to anaerobic conditions, which can produce unpleasant odors and reduce the effectiveness of the bokashi. Make sure to provide enough oxygen by leaving a small gap between the lid and the container, or by using a breathable cloth or mesh.
Not Monitoring the Temperature
Bokashi microorganisms thrive in temperatures between 10°C and 30°C (50°F and 86°F). If the temperature is too high or too low, it can inhibit the growth of the microorganisms, leading to poor fermentation. Make sure to monitor the temperature and keep the container in a shaded area or indoors.
Not Adding the Right Materials
Not all organic materials are suitable for bokashi. Avoid adding materials that are too dry, too oily, or too acidic, as they can inhibit the growth of the microorganisms. Some examples of materials to avoid include:
- Dry leaves or twigs
- Oily foods like meat or dairy products
- Acidic materials like citrus peels or vinegar
Instead, focus on adding a diverse range of organic materials, including:
- Fresh fruit and vegetable scraps
- Tea bags and coffee grounds
- Eggshells and bread
- Manure from herbivores like horses or rabbits
Not Maintaining the Right Moisture Level
Bokashi microorganisms need a certain level of moisture to thrive. If the container is too dry or too wet, it can inhibit the growth of the microorganisms, leading to poor fermentation. Make sure to maintain the right moisture level by adding the correct amount of water and avoiding overwatering.
Not Harvesting the Bokashi at the Right Time
Bokashi is typically ready to harvest after 1-2 weeks, depending on the temperature and the type of materials added. If you harvest the bokashi too early or too late, it can reduce the effectiveness of the fertilizer. Make sure to monitor the bokashi and harvest it when it’s ready.
Conclusion
Bokashi is a powerful tool for reducing waste and creating a nutrient-rich fertilizer for plants. By avoiding common mistakes and following best practices, you can get the most out of this sustainable practice. Remember to use the right microorganisms, maintain the right pH level, provide enough oxygen, monitor the temperature, add the right materials, maintain the right moisture level, and harvest the bokashi at the right time. With a little practice and patience, you can create a thriving bokashi system that benefits your plants and the environment.
| Material | Suitable for Bokashi |
|---|---|
| Fresh fruit and vegetable scraps | Yes |
| Tea bags and coffee grounds | Yes |
| Eggshells and bread | Yes |
| Manure from herbivores | Yes |
| Dry leaves or twigs | No |
| Oily foods like meat or dairy products | No |
| Acidic materials like citrus peels or vinegar | No |
By following these guidelines and avoiding common mistakes, you can create a thriving bokashi system that benefits your plants and the environment.
What is Bokashi and how does it work?
Bokashi is a type of indoor composting system that uses microorganisms to ferment organic waste. It works by adding a specific blend of microorganisms to the waste, which then breaks down the organic matter into a nutrient-rich compost. This process is typically done in a sealed bin, allowing the microorganisms to thrive in an anaerobic environment.
The microorganisms used in Bokashi are usually a combination of lactic acid bacteria, yeast, and phototrophic bacteria. These microorganisms work together to break down the organic waste, producing a liquid fertilizer and a solid compost. The liquid fertilizer can be used immediately, while the solid compost needs to be buried in the soil for a few weeks to allow it to mature.
What are some common mistakes people make when using Bokashi?
One of the most common mistakes people make when using Bokashi is not following the correct ratio of microorganisms to waste. If the ratio is off, the fermentation process may not occur correctly, leading to unpleasant odors and poor compost quality. Another mistake is not draining the liquid fertilizer regularly, which can cause the bin to overflow and create a mess.
Not adding the correct type of waste is also a common mistake. Bokashi is designed to handle a wide range of organic waste, including food scraps, tea bags, and coffee grounds. However, it’s not suitable for pet waste, diapers, or sanitary products. Adding these types of waste can contaminate the bin and create unpleasant odors.
How often should I drain the liquid fertilizer from my Bokashi bin?
The frequency of draining the liquid fertilizer from your Bokashi bin depends on how much waste you’re adding and how quickly the microorganisms are breaking it down. As a general rule, you should drain the liquid fertilizer every 1-2 days. This will help to prevent the bin from overflowing and keep the fermentation process running smoothly.
It’s also important to check the liquid fertilizer regularly to ensure it’s not too concentrated. If it’s too concentrated, it can be diluted with water before being used as a fertilizer. You can also store the liquid fertilizer in a separate container and use it as needed.
Can I add meat and dairy products to my Bokashi bin?
Yes, you can add meat and dairy products to your Bokashi bin, but it’s essential to follow some guidelines. Meat and dairy products are high in protein and fat, which can attract pests and create unpleasant odors if not handled correctly. To avoid this, make sure to chop the meat and dairy products into small pieces and mix them well with other waste.
It’s also crucial to ensure that the bin is sealed correctly and that the microorganisms are working effectively. If the bin is not sealed correctly, pests may be attracted to the meat and dairy products, and the fermentation process may not occur correctly. Additionally, if you’re adding a large amount of meat and dairy products, you may need to adjust the ratio of microorganisms to waste.
How long does it take for the Bokashi compost to mature?
The time it takes for the Bokashi compost to mature depends on several factors, including the type of waste, the ratio of microorganisms to waste, and the environmental conditions. Generally, it can take anywhere from 1-3 weeks for the compost to mature. During this time, the compost should be buried in the soil, allowing it to aerate and mature.
It’s essential to check the compost regularly to ensure it’s maturing correctly. If the compost is not maturing, it may be due to a lack of oxygen or an imbalance of microorganisms. In this case, you may need to adjust the ratio of microorganisms to waste or add more oxygen to the compost.
Can I use Bokashi compost on all types of plants?
Bokashi compost can be used on most types of plants, but it’s essential to use it correctly. The compost is rich in nutrients and microorganisms, which can be beneficial for plants. However, it’s crucial to dilute the compost with water before using it as a fertilizer, as it can be too concentrated for some plants.
Some plants, such as seedlings and young plants, may require a more diluted solution. It’s also essential to avoid using Bokashi compost on plants that are sensitive to high levels of nutrients. In this case, you may need to use a more balanced fertilizer or adjust the ratio of compost to water.
How do I maintain my Bokashi bin to prevent odors and pests?
To maintain your Bokashi bin and prevent odors and pests, it’s essential to follow some simple guidelines. First, make sure to add the correct ratio of microorganisms to waste and ensure the bin is sealed correctly. Regularly draining the liquid fertilizer and adding new waste will also help to prevent odors and pests.
It’s also crucial to clean the bin regularly and check for any signs of pests or contamination. If you notice any unpleasant odors or pests, you may need to adjust the ratio of microorganisms to waste or add more oxygen to the bin. Additionally, make sure to store the bin in a well-ventilated area and avoid adding pet waste, diapers, or sanitary products.